Data logging and recording using the PCS10/K8047

What happens to the computer generated digital readout or the graphical display when using the V
elleman 4 channel recorder logger when the voltage at the input is negative with respect to the common ground??

Likely you will destroy the unit as there is no reverse polarity protection.
As there is a 1M resistor in series with input, current will be limited so a short swing below ground will probably not harm the unit.