This really looks what have happened to me for the last week or so. It was simply a tangled filament spool! However I did not see it when I came out to the printer for some reason, as I always just rotated the spool a little and then it got untangled. However the last time it happened I looked very carefully at the spool and the filament string being extruded was under a single other string which was enough to hold back the extrusion. The clicking noise from the extruder is very recognizable when this happens. However during unloading (for untangling the spool, which by the way did not help that much on the tangle) the filament got stock right above the nozzle so I had to take apart the hotend assembly to get it out. Luckily I did not have to clean the nozzle. And btw, the description on how to clean the nozzle in the manual is really lousy, just saying… 
I have finally got it to print pretty nice.
Due to some other settings I was able to fix this issue.
I’ve changed my setting to the settings mentioned in this thread: Nice retraction test
Thanks for all the tips and tricks! 
Best regards,
Danny